Hydraulic fluid6/26/2023 Changing the oil depends on numerous factors such as class, age, or general performance of the machine. ![]() To ensure a nice and lissome performance of the system, the hydraulic oil must be changed in a certain interval. The oil is namely supposed to support the smoothing working of the machines through lubrication. Every engineer knows that the use of a hydraulic oil is a crucial aspect in hydraulics. Motivation for the change comes both from users being more conscious about environmental risks and from government policies. High Performance Bio Hydraulic Oil for a Variety of Applications – Thanks to PANOLINĭuring the last decade, the demand for bio based hydraulic fluids has increased, especially for applications in mobile equipment and in close-to-water stationary installations. Environmentally Considerate Lubricants (ECLs, EALs).The HF should be tested on seal & elastomer compatibility. Material compatibility: Many different rubber and elastomer materials are used in hoses, accumulator, gaskets and seals.Rust inhibitors will form a thin layer on the metal surfaces to prevent rust. Rust and corrosion inhibition: ability of the HF to prevent rust and corrosion.Demulsibilty: ability to release water which is important in humid climates.Filtrability: ability to pass through a filter to evacuate particles.Influencing parameters are water, contamination, degraded oil components, air and system design. This is a common problem in hydraulic system. Foaming: after the oil is agitated and aerated, it generates a foam.Air causes poor system efficiency and cavitation. Air release: the ability of the oil to release enclosed air.The rate of oxidation is influenced by high temperature, water and wear metals (catalysts). Thermal and oxidation stability: chemical reaction of O 2 with oil form acidic byproducts.Viscosity Index (VI): value that indicates the effect of temperature on the viscosity high VI fluids maintain their viscosity relatively well with temperature changes.Zn based additives are considers as the most common, while Zn-free additives are recommended for environmental reasons or in case of corrosion or hydrolysis problems. There are two types: Zn based (zinc diakyl dithio phosphate ZDDP) and Zn-free based. Anti-wear properties: anti-wear additives form a thin reactive layer on the surface to prevent direct metal-to-metal contact.Next to the viscosity, a hydraulic fluid has several other parameters that influence system performance: The fluid viscosity determines both the mechanical efficiency and the volumetric efficiency and sets the limits of the optimum operating range of a hydraulic system. Choosing a hydraulic fluid with the right viscosity is primordial for the overall efficiency of the hydraulic system. High temperatures result in lower viscosity and vice versa. The HF viscosity is influenced by ambient and operating temperature and system design. Other negative effects of a high fluid viscosity are cavitation, poor air release and inadequate lubrication. This generates energy losses and unnecessary heat generation. If the fluid viscosity is too high, the system will suffer from a sluggish movement and a reduced mechanical efficiency. Low viscosity fluids also increase the risk of internal leakages generating a lower volumetric efficiency of pumps and motors. ![]() If the hydraulic fluid viscosity is too low, the oil film will be too thin causing direct metal to metal contact which leads to excessive wear on components.
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